Above water in Q1

The Uranyl Nitrate - Water System Above 60 °

Continuous Q1–q1 Stokes Elements Stabilized with Non-conforming Null Edge Average Velocity Functions

We present a stabilized finite element method for Stokes equations with piecewise continuous bilinear approximations for both velocity and pressure variables. The velocity field is enriched with piecewise polynomial bubble functions with null average at element edges. These functions are statically condensed at the element level and therefore they can be viewed as a continuous Q1–Q1 stabilized ...

Macro Prelim Q1 -answers (by K. Fukushima)

1. A competitive equilibrium is a sequence (p * t , c * t , s * t+1) T t=0 such that (i) (c * t , s * t+1) T t=0 solves max (ct,s t+1) T t=0 T t=0 β t u(c t), subject to (1) c t + p * t s t+1 ≤ (p * t + y t)s t , ∀t c t , s t ≥ 0, ∀t s 0 = 1 and (ii) markets clear: c * t = y t , ∀t s * t = 1, ∀t 2. The equation is: p * t = β u (y t+1) u (y t) (p * t+1 + y t+1) Proof: Let (p * t , c * t , s * t+...

Tropospheric water vapour above Switzerland over the last 12 years

Integrated Water vapour (IWV) has been measured since 1994 by the TROWARA microwave radiometer in Bern, Switzerland. Homogenization techniques were used to identify and correct step changes in IWV related to instrument problems. IWV from radiosonde, GPS and sun photometer (SPM) was used in the homogenisation process as well as partial IWV columns between valley and mountain weather stations. Th...

How to Keep Your Head above Water While Detecting Errors

Today’s distributed systems need runtime error detection to catch errors arising from software bugs, hardware errors, or unexpected operating conditions. A prominent class of error detection techniques operates in a stateful manner, i.e., it keeps track of the state of the application being monitored and then matches state-based rules. Large-scale distributed applications generate a high volume...